- Ca2+ dependent: cadherin, selectin
- Ca2+ independent: integrin
Intercellular junctions:
- Tight junctions (zonula occludens): luminal side of epithelial, actin; occludin, claudin; "one electron dense line"
- Adherens junctions (zonula adherens): below tight junctions, actin, belt; cadherins; invasion; "two electron dense line"
- Desmosomes (macula adherens): below adherents junctions, keratin, intermediate filaments; cadherins; "button"
- Hemidesmosome: basal lamina, intermediate filaments; integrin
- Gap junctions: pores, connexins; Ca2+, cAMP
Surface structures:
- Microvilli: luminal side, actin; epithelial cells in intestine, proximal tubule of kidney, and respiratory systems; increase surface area
- Stereocilia: long, branched microvilli: epididymis; long microvilli: hair cells of inner ear
- True cilia & flagella: "9 + 2", 9 peripheral pairs and two microtubules in the center; ATPase dynein; respiratory tract, sperm tails; basal body; Kartagener syndrome
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