Saturday, May 4, 2013

Facial artery branches


  1. Inferior labial
  2. Superior labial
  3. Lateral nasal
  4. Angular

Facial nerve branches


  1. Posterior auricular nerve
  2. Temperal
  3. Zygomatic
  4. Buccal
  5. Marginal mandible
  6. Cervical

Muscles of the larynx

All innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of vagus nerve, except specially listed.

  1. Aryepiglottic muscle, oblique arytenoid
  2. Transverse arytenoid
  3. Posterior cricoarytenoid
  4. Thyroepiglotticus
  5. Thyroarytenoid
  6. Lateral cricoarytenoid
  7. Cricothyroid: superior laryngeal nerve
  8. Vocalis

Friday, May 3, 2013

Neurons and Glial cells


  1. Nissl body: RER, nissl stain
  2. Axon, dendrite, hillock, Schwann cells, myelin sheath 
  3. Endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium

Cardiac muscle and smooth muscle


  • Cardiac muscle:
  1. Intercalated discs: special desmosomes junction, for structure integrity
  2. Gap junctions: perpendicular to intercalated discs, on the side of cardic muscles, transmit electricity
  • Smooth muscles:
  1. Dense body, instead of Z line
  2. Spindle shape

Muscles of pharynx


  1. Stylopharyngeus: glossopharyngeal nerve
  2. Salpingopharyngeus: accessory nerve
  3. Superior pharyngeal constrictor: accessory nerve
  4. Middle pharyngeal constrictor: accessory nerve
  5. Inferior pharyngeal constrictor: upper part: accessory nerve; lower part: recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve

Palate muscles


  1. Levator veli palatini: accessary nerve
  2. Tensor veli palatini: mandibular branche of trigeminal nerve
  3. Palatoglossus: accessary nerve
  4. Palatopharyngeus: accessary nerve
  5. Musculus uvulae: accessary nerve